CLASS - DPS GUWAHATI



656590-253365CLASS IXName of the Chapter: Natural Vegetation and Wildlife(35 minutes per day)Week 26: 16th November- 22nd November 2020 Period 1: Pg 42-47Step- IStudy the following topic from the textbook:Meaning of Natural VegetationEndemic and Exotic SpeciesFactors responsible for Diversity of Flora and FaunaTypes of ForestsTropical Evergreen forestsTropical Deciduous forestsThorn forests and scrubsMontane forestsMangrove forestsStep-IIStudy the same topic in the following part of Extramark App.Ch.5- Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Detailed LearningUnderstanding ConceptStep-IIIIf you have any doubts clear them with your subject teacher ( Please check name and number of the subject teacher from the school website)Step-IVRevise using following bullet points:India is one of the twelve mega bio-diversity countries of the world.India occupies tenth place in the world and fourth in Asia in plant diversity with about 47000 species in the world.India has 90000 species of animals as well as a rich variety of fish in its fresh and marine waters.Natural vegetation refers to a plant community which has grown naturally without human aid and has been left undisturbed by humans for a long time. This is termed as virgin vegetation.The virgin vegetation which are purely Indian are known as endemic or indigenous species.The vegetation which have come from outside India are termed as exotic plants.The huge diversity of flora and fauna kingdom is due to the following factors:Land- The fertile land is generally devoted to agriculture whereas the undulating and rough terrains are areas where grasslands and woodlands develop and give shelter to variety of wildlife.Soil- The sandy soils of deserts support cactus and thorny bushes while wet, marshy and deltaic soils support mangroves and deltaic vegetation.Temperature- On the slopes of Himalayas and the hills of Peninsula, the fall in the temperature affects the type of vegetation and its growth and changes it from tropical to subtropical, temperate and alpine vegetation.Photoperiod or Sunlight- Due to longer duration of sunlight, trees grow faster in summer.Precipitation- Areas of heavy rainfall have more dense vegetation as compared to other areas of less rainfall.Types of vegetation in India:Tropical Evergreen ForestArea- They are found in areas of Western Ghats, Island groups of Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar, upper parts of Assam and Tamil Nadu coast.Rainfall- They are found in the areas having more than 200cm of rainfall with a short dry season.Characteristics- It has a luxuriant vegetation of all kinds- trees, shrubs and creepers giving it a multi layered structure. There is no definite time for trees to shed their leaves.Important trees- Ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber and cinchona.Tropical Deciduous forests:They are also called monsoon forests. Characteristics-Trees of this type shed their leaves for about six to eight weeks in dry summer.These forests are of two types- moist and dry.Moist deciduous forests –Areas and rainfall- They are found in the areas receiving rainfall between 100 to 200cm. They are found in the north-eastern states, along the foothills of Himalayas, Jharkhand, West Odisha and Chhattisgarh and on the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats .Important trees are teak, bamboo, sal, sheesham, sandalwood, kusum, arjun, mulberry, etc.Dry deciduous forests –Areas and rainfall- They are found in the areas receiving rainfall between 70 to 100cm. They are found in the rainier parts of peninsular plateau and the plains of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.Important trees are teak, sal, peepal, neem, etc.Animals- Lion, tiger, pig, deer, elephant, birds, lizards, snakes, etc.The Thorn Forest And ScrubsArea- They are found in the north-western part of the country including semi-arid regions of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana.Rainfall- They are found in the regions with less than 70cm rainfall.Characteristics- Trees are scattered and have long roots penetrating deep into the soil in order to get moisture. The stems are succulent to conserve moisture. Leaves are mostly thick and small to minimize evaporation. Trees- Acacias, palms, euphorbias and cacti are main plant species.Animals- Rats, mice, rabbits, tiger, lion, wild ass, horses, camels, etc.Montane forestThe wet temperate forests are found between a height of 1000 and 2000 metres. Evergreen broad leaf trees such as oaks and chestnuts are found.Temperate forests are found between 1500 and 3000 metres where coniferous trees like pine, deodar, silver fir, spruce and cedar are found.At a height of more than 3600 metres above sea-level, alpine vegetation is found. Silver fir, junipers, pines and birches are the common trees found in these forests.Alpine grasslands are found near the snowline. These are used extensively for grazing by nomadic tribes like the Gujjars and the Bakarwals.At higher altitudes, mosses and lichens form part of tundra vegetation.Mangrove forestsAreas- These forests are found in the areas of coasts influenced by tides. The deltas of the Ganga, the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri are covered by such vegetation.Characteristics- Dense mangroves are the common varieties with roots of the plants submerged under water.Important Trees- In Ganga- Brahmaputra delta, sundari trees are found which provide durable hard timber. Palm, coconut, keora, agar also grow in some parts of the delta.Animals- Royal Bengal Tiger is the famous animal in these forests. Turtles, crocodiles, gharials and snakes are also found in these forests.Step-VMapwork: (To be done on an outline political map of India) Vegetation Type: Tropical Evergreen Forest, Tropical Deciduous Forest, Thorn Forest, Montane Forests and MangroveEnd of Period 1Period 2: Pg 48-51Step- IStudy the following topics from the textbook:Distribution of Wildlife and their importanceFactors responsible for extinction of speciesSteps taken by the government to protect the flora and fauna Step-IIStudy the same topic in the following part of Extramark App.Ch.5-Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Detailed LearningUnderstanding ConceptStep-IIIIf you have any doubts clear them with your subject teacher ( Please check name and number of the subject teacher from the school website)Step-IVRevise using following bullet points:Some of the important medicinal plants found in India are jamun, arjun, babool, sarpagandha, neem, tulsi, kachnar, etc.Distribution of animals-Elephants are found in hot wet forests of Assam, Karnataka and Kerala.One- horned rhinoceroses live in swampy and marshy lands of Assam and West Bengal.Wild ass and camels are found in Rann of Kutchch and Thar desert respectively.India is the only country having both tigers and lions.The natural habitat of Indian lion is the Gir forest in Gujarat.Tigers are found in the forests of Madhya Pradesh, the Sunderbans of West Bengal and the Himalayan region.Importance of biodiversity-Plants have various uses for us including the medicinal plants.Animals provide us draught power, transportation, meat and eggs.The fish provide nutritive food.Many insects help in pollination of crops and fruit trees and exert biological control on such insects which are harmful.Quite a few animal species are endangered and some have become extinct due to the following causes:Hunting by greedy hunters for commercial purposesPollution due to chemical and industrial wasteAcid depositsIntroduction of alien speciesReckless cutting of forests to bring land under cultivation and inhabitationTo protect the flora and fauna of the country, the government has taken following steps:Fourteen biosphere reserves have been set up in the country.Financial and technical assistance is provided to many Botanical gardens by the government since 1992.Project Tiger, Project Rhino, Project Great Indian Bustard and many other eco developmental projects have been introduced.89 National Parks, 490 Wildlife Sanctuaries and Zoological gardens are set up to take care of natural heritage.Step-VMapwork: (To be done on an outline political map of India)National Parks: Corbett, Kaziranga, Ranthambor, Shivpuri, Kanha, Simlipal & Manas Bird Sanctuaries: Bharatpur and Ranganthitto Wild Life Sanctuaries: Sariska, Mudumalai, Rajaji, Dachigam (Location and Labelling) End of Period 2Period 3: Short Test on Chapter 5(Pg 42-51)Step- IRevise the bullet points of the chapter.Step-IIAnswer the following questions-(Only for practice) Time: 20 Minutes M.M.:5In which year was the Indian wildlife Protection Act implemented? 1 1973 c. 19721974 d. 1975 2. In which of the following states is the Shivpuri National Park located? 1 a. Punjab b. Madhya Pradesh c. Odisha d. West Bengal 3. Which one of the following is the most important tree of the Deciduous forests? 1 Rubber c. AcaciaTeak d. Pine 4. In which of the following states is the Asiatic lion found? 1 a. Gujarat c. Rajasthan c. Karnataka d. Tamilnadu 5. Which type of forests are found in the areas receiving less than 70cm rainfall? 1 a. Tropical Evergreen c. Thorn forest c. Deciduous d. Mangrove End of Period 3 ................
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