Unit 1 Cycle 2: Interactions and Energy
Name:________________________________ Date:_______________ Group: ______
Purpose
|In the previous activities you have been using models to help you | [pic] [pic] |
|explain observations. In this activity, you will examine how | |
|models are used in science to make inferences and how models and | |
|inferences differ from observations. | |
|[pic] |If a model is a set of related ideas that help explain observations, what is an inference? |
Initial Ideas
[pic] 1. Consider this conversation between two students discussing the “Balloon and Static Electricity” simulator.
Victor Amara
[pic] Who do you agree with and why?
Interpreting Observational Evidence
[pic] In C3A2 you used a model for charges in materials to help you explain observations of interactions between two pieces of sticky tape. In C3A2 HW#1 you used the “Balloon and Static Electricity” simulator to help you explain observations of interactions of charged and uncharged materials. Models are built from observations and once built, they can help us understand new observations. When a person comes to a conclusion on the basis of a model, this person has made an inference. For example, if a person observes that one balloon sticks to another balloon, she might infer that one balloon is positively charged and one balloon is negatively charged. She does not observe that one balloon is positively charged and one is negatively charged.
In the list of statements made below circle the word that best describes whether the statement is most likely an observation or an inference.
Statement Circle One
|Two different pieces of sticky tape are move towards one another. | |
| |observation inference |
|A balloon that has been rubbed on someone’s hair sticks to the wall. | |
| |observation inference |
|Two pieces of sticky tape are oppositely charged. | |
| |observation inference |
|The wall has become electrically polarized in the area closest to the | |
|balloon. |observation inference |
|Two charged balloons repel from one another. | |
| |observation inference |
| Only negative charges can move within a material. | |
| |observation inference |
|Excess negative charges in a balloon are repelled from excess negative | |
|charges in another balloon. | |
| |observation inference |
[pic] What generalization or rule did you use to decide whether a statement
was an observation or an inference above?
Summarizing Question
S1. The “Balloon and Static Electricity” simulator shows plus and minus symbols inside balloons and walls. Do you think scientists have actually observed these little pluses and minuses inside balloons and walls? If so, what instrument do you think they used? If not, what do you think the pluses and minuses represent?
[pic][pic][pic][pic][pic]
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N S
I think the simulator shows what a balloon and the wall really look like if we could magnify them enough.
I disagree. We don’t know if little pluses and minuses really exist within the balloon or wall. The simulator illustrates the model that scientists use for thinking about things that we can observe.
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