Standard Ecology Test



Standard Ecology Test

Name ____________________ Period___ Date ___

Part I: Earthquakes

__C___ 1. In which seismogram is the time probe placed at the beginning of the P waves?

__B__2. Suppose that an earthquake has just occurred, as pictured below. The first P wave is shown as the larger circle and the first S wave is shown as the smaller circle. What would the seismogram in Recording Station A display at the moment the image below was taken?

A B

C D

_A__3. Which of the following has the two vertical probes in the proper position to find the correct value for time difference([pic]T)?

A B

C D

_B__4. An earthquake has just occurred. Seismic waves from the earthquake are detected at two recording stations. At Recording Station A, [pic]T = 45 s. At Recording Station B, [pic]T = 100 s. Which recording station is farther away from the epicenter?

A. A is farther from the epicenter than B.

B. B is farther from the epicenter than A.

C. A and B are the same distance from the epicenter.

D. Cannot be determined.

__C_5. Suppose that Recording Station N is located 200 km north of the epicenter of an earthquake, and Recording Station S is located 100 km south of the epicenter of the same earthquake. Which of the following statements would be true?

A. At Recording Station S, the S wave would arrive before the P wave.

B. The P wave would arrive at Recording Station N before it would arrive at Recording Station S.

C. The value of [pic]T at Recording Station N would be greater than [pic]T at Recording Station S.

D. The value of [pic]T at Recording Station N would be less than [pic]T at Recording Station S.

Part 2: Seasons

_A__6. The picture below shows the Sun and Earth. What is the most likely time where the dot is?

A. 4am

B. 10am

C. 4pm

D. 10pm

_C__7. About how long does it take the Moon to orbit the Earth?

A. 1 Day

B. 1 Week

C. 1 Month

D. 1 Year

_B__8. In what direction does Earth rotate on its axis?

A. Clockwise

B. Counterclockwise

C. It does not rotate

D. Clockwise during the day and counterclockwise at night.

_C__9. The image below represents the Sun on January 1 seen from North America. The letters represent the directions (east, south, and west). What time of day could it be?

A. 5:30am

B. 9:45am

C. 3:35pm

D. 9:00pm

_A_10. On March 21, a stick casts the following shadow. What is the most likely time of day?

A. 9am

B. Noon

C. 3pm

D. 7pm

_D__11. Which of the following is NOT true about noon in the Northern Hemisphere, on January 1?

A. The sun has reached its highest altitude for that day.

B. Your shadow is the shortest it will be that day.

C. Your shadow points due north.

D. The sun is directly overhead.

_A__12. The plate below experiences 90 hits from the Sun's rays out of 100 when it is in Position A. How many hits might the same plate experience in Position B?

[pic]

A. 64 hits

B. 90 hits

C. 95 hits

D. 100 hits

_C__13. Of the plates listed, which will receive the highest number of hits from the Sun's rays when the Earth is positioned as shown below?

A. Plate C

B. Plate F

C. Plate J

D. Plate A

____14. What season is it in the northern hemisphere in the diagram below?

A. Spring

B. Summer

C. Fall

D. Winter

____15. Given the picture below, which plate would be experiencing daytime in the winter?

A. Plate C

B. Plate E

C. Plate I

D. Plate K

____16. A person's risk of sunburn on a certain body part is greater the more directly the Sun's rays hit that body part. If a person is walking outside with the Sun directly overhead, what body part has the greatest risk for sunburn? (Assume that none of the body parts mentioned below are covered by a hat or hair or anything.)

A. Forehead

B. Nose

C. Chin

D. Top of Ears

|MATCHING – Seasons Set 1 |

|_D____17. one of the two days of the year when the sun reaches |A. Axis |

|its greatest distance north or south. |B. Revolution |

|__B___18. movement of an object around another object. |C. Latitude |

|___A___19. imaginary line around which an object rotates. |D. Solstice |

|___E___20. One of the two days of the year where the length of |E. Equinox |

|the day is equal to the length of the night. | |

|___C_____21. Measured in degrees north or south. | |

|MATCHING – Seasons Set 2 |

|__E___22. usually based on regular weather changes |A. Summer Solstice |

|___A___23. longest day of the year |B. Direct Sunlight |

|___D___24. shortest day of the year |C. Indirect Sunlight |

|___B___25. strikes Earth at close to a 90 degree angle |D. Winter Solstice |

|___C_____26. strikes Earth’s surface at an angle of less than 90 |E. Season |

|degrees. | |

| | |

| | |

Part 3. Organisms and the Atmosphere

____27. ALL Organisms have all of the following needs EXCEPT:

A. water

B. space

C. nutrients

D. oxygen

True (A) or False (B):

__T_28. The amount of rainfall in an area of land directly affects the abundance of life in that area.

__T_29. Temperature, nutrients, dissolved oxygen and pollution affect the quality of water.

__F_30. The process where plants convert the sun’s energy to make food is called cellular respiration.

__F_31. Chlorophyll traps light energy to make skittles.

__T_32. Organisms need vitamins, minerals and nutrients from food.

__F_33. Poisons in the environment do not pass from one organism to another through the food chain.

__F_34. Animals require space to grow roots and get light.

__F_35. A territorial animal will not attack if threatened.

__F_36. The layer of gases that surrounds the Earth is called the hydrosphere.

__T_37. The most abundant gas in the air we breathe is Nitrogen.

__T_38. The troposphere touches the Earth’s surface.

__T_39. Ozone is a form of oxygen gas containing 3 oxygen atoms per molecule.

__T_40. Warm-blooded animals stay the same temperature whether its hot or cold.

____41. Ozone is important to organisms because:

A. The Ozone provides most of the water in the atmosphere.

B. Organisms get vital nutrients from the Ozone layer.

C. It provides air for organisms to breathe.

D. It filters out the Sun’s harmful UV radiation.

Part 4. Soil

42. Soil is a mixture of weathered rock and _______.

A. water and air

B. decated organic matter

C. mineral fragments

D. all of the above

43. The layer of soil that contains more humus and smaller rock and mineral particles than the other layers is

A. the A horizon

B. the B horizon

C. the C horizon

D. the bedrock

44. Soil formation begins when rock is broken down by _____.

A. erosion

B. weathering

C. decomposition

D. melting

45. How long does it generally take one centimeter of soil to form?

A. 1-4 years

B. 100-400 years

C. 1000 years

D. 10,000 years

|Soil - Matching |

|_D____46. A rich dark brown; organic matter; many roots. |A. A Horizon |

|__E___47. A sheet of rock. |B. B Horizon |

|__B___48. Minerals, rocks and clay. |C. C Horizon |

|__A___ 49. organic matter and deeper tap roots. |D. O Horizon |

|___C___50. contains larger rocks that have been broken up. |E. Bedrock |

Bonus Questions:

1. What did you learn from going outside and using the magnifying glasses? Use complete sentences. Use terms we have discussed in class to explain important concepts.

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