Vocabulary Workshop Level Blue

Systematic, Multimedia Vocabulary Instruction

SADLIER

Level Blue

Enriched Edition

with

Audio Program

Jerome Shostak

Level Blue

Enriched Edition

with

Audio Program

Jerome Shostak

Consultants

Joseph Czarnecki, Ph.D.

Faculty Associate, School of Education Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD

Christine Gialamas-Antonucci

Reading Specialist Chicago Public Schools Chicago, IL

Lucy Lugones

Technology Consultant St. Luke's School New York, NY

Helen Wood Turner, Ed.D.

Reading Specialist Turning Point Academy Lanham, MD

Enriched Edition

with

Audio Program

Advisers

The publisher wishes to thank the following teachers and administrators, who read portions of the series prior to publication, for their comments and suggestions.

Khawla Asmar Assistant Principal

Milwaukee, WI

Ann Jennings English Specialist

Rustburg, VA

Megan Mayfield Teacher

Woodstock, GA

Carolyn Branch Lead Charter Administrator

Kansas City, MO

Amy Cristina Teacher

Panama City, FL

Cora M. Kirby Reading Specialist Washington, DC

Julie Cambonga Assistant Principal/Teacher

Sierra Madre, CA

Tara M. Gaiss Literacy Specialist

Kings Park, NY

Lisa Mayer Teacher

Houston, TX

Nancy Wahl Elementary School Teacher

New York, NY

Photo Credits: Cover: pencil: Used under license from Shutterstock.

com/Pedro Nogueria; wood grain on pencil: Used under license from Christophe Testi. Interior: Alamy/Avico Ltd: 80 top; bobo: 96 right; Catchlight Visual Services/Denise Hager: 18 bottom; Geoff A. Howard: 79 background; Mooch Images Ltd: 79 bottom right; nobleIMAGES/ David Noble: 153 top; Alex Segre: 18 top; VStock: 120. Artville: 171. The Bridgeman Art Library/Victoria & Albert Museum, London, UK/Illustration to `The Princess and the Pea,' by Hans Christian Andersen, c.1911 by Edmund Dulac (1882-1953). Corbis/Pavalla Bagla: 110 bottom; Bettmann: 140, 141, 153 bottom; Flame/Tim Pannell: 27 bottom left; Kevin Fleming: 49; Todd Gipstein: 26; Historical: 143; Layne Kennedy: 100; T.E. Marr: 69 top; OwakiKulla: 16 left; Josef Scaylea: 133 bottom; Science Faction/Stephen Frink: 151 inset; Terra/Bob Krist: 69 bottom; zefa/Theo Allofs: 17 right. Dennis Cox/ ChinaStock/Liu Liqun: 78 bottom left. Dreamstime/Icefields: 130; Ivo13: 183; Kingjon: 68. Fotosearch/Iconotec: 142. Getty Images/AFP: 182; Brand X Pictures: 27 top; The Christian Science Monitor/Melanie Stetson Freeman: 34; Digital Vision: 91; Getty Images Sport/Cameron Spencer: 131 top; Hulton Archive: 163; LOOK/Florian Werner: 121; Photodisc: 64 left, 180, 181; Stone/John E. Kelly: 80 bottom; Stone/Jean-Marc Truchet: 71; Taxi/JoelNoel Reichel: 29 top; Workbook Stock/Scott Quinn Photography: 16 center left. The Granger Collection, New York: 64 right. The Image Works/Suzanne Dunn: 172; David Lassman: 90; Lee Snider: 133 top. iStockphoto/45RPM: 78 bottom right, 79 bottom left; craigrobinsonphoto: 9; HultonArchive: 180 right; jonpic: 171 background; magicinfoto: 26?27 background;

protocolmedia: 88 left; Stuartb: 118; vasiliki: 131 bottom; zts: 119. Levi Strauss & Co. Archives: 96 left. Mary Evans/Classic Stock/C.P. Cushing: 181 right. Minden Pictures/NPL/Stephen Dalton: 29 bottom. NASA: 46, 47. National Geographic Stock: 109; Jon Foster: 108 bottom. National Historic Route 66 Federation: 16 background inset, 17 left. North Wind Archives: 180 left. Photolibrary/age fotostock/J.D. Dallet: 56?57 background; Blend Images/ Karin Dreyer: 27 bottom right; Cultura RM/Yellowdog: 58 top; Imagebroker/ Christian Heinrich: 170?171 bottom; Imagebroker/Martin Moxter: 110 top; Lineair/Ron Gilling: 8; LOOK-foto/Don Fuchs: 150?151 background; Rubberball: 162. Photo Researchers, Inc./Jerry Schad: 48. Punchstock/Blend Images: 70; Brand X Pictures: 101; photosindia: 89 bottom; Rubberball: 39 bottom. Used under license from Blinka: 27 center right; DG Jervis: 58 bottom; Dr_Flash: 16 background; J. Helgason: 181 left; JinYoung Lee: 118 background; pirita: 173; Ronald Summers: 88 right, 88 top; Magdalena Szachowska: 39 top; Christophe Testi: 88 bottom; Tihis: 99 bottom. Amy Toensing: 108?109. SuperStock/Robert Harding Picture Library: 57. Visuals Unlimited, Inc./Brandon Cole: 158.

illustrators: Scott Angle: 160?161. Janet Broxon: 36?37. Mike Gordon:

6?7. Tim Haggerty: 9, 10, 38, 40, 90, 92, 143,144. Martin Lemelman: 19, 20, 42, 49, 50, 74, 101, 102 124, 126, 156, 163, 188. Bob Ostrom: 22, 59, 60, 111, 112, 183, 184. Zina Saunders: 32, 52, 71, 72, 84 top, 94, 120, 122, 136, 152, 154, 164. Daryl Stevens: 62, 104, 114, 136, 146, 166, 176, 186. Chris Vallo: 12, 28, 30, 81, 82, 132, 134, 173, 174.

For additional online resources, go to and enter the Student Access Code VWL11S9FBQT4.

Copyright ? 2011 by William H. Sadlier, Inc. All rights reserved.

This publication, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced in any form, or by any means, including electronic, photographic, or mechanical, or by any sound recording system, or by any device for storage and retrieval of information, without the written permission of the publisher.

Address inquiries to Permissions Department, William H. Sadlier, Inc., 9 Pine Street, New York, New York 10005-1002.

is a registered trademark of William H. Sadlier, Inc.

Printed in the United States of America. ISBN: 978-0-8215-8003-5 23456789 BRR 14 13 12 11

Note to the Student

M ost of the vocabulary words in Level Blue will be new to you. Some words you may recognize. Others you may not know at all. The words have been chosen because they are words you will come across often. You will see them in schoolbooks and on tests. You will see them in books and magazines, as well as on the Internet. You will also hear them spoken by teachers and others in a variety of professions.

In each of the 18 units, you will read a passage that contains the 12 unit words. You will see and hear how the words are used in the passage. Then you will learn more about them, including their definitions, pronunciations, parts of speech, and how they are used in sentences. You will also find synonyms and antonyms for the words. As you complete the pages in the unit, not only will you practice using the words, but you will also show what you know about them.

Each unit also helps you build vocabulary beyond the unit words. For example, in Word Study, you will learn how to use word parts (prefixes, suffixes, roots) to figure out the meanings of unfamiliar words. In Shades of Meaning, you will learn the meanings of some idioms, proverbs, similes, and metaphors.

When you finish this book, your vocabulary will have grown. All the words you have learned will be part of your personal vocabulary, helping you to become a better reader, writer, and speaker.

Interactive Online Activities

Don't forget to look at the online activities that extend and enrich the instruction and practice contained in Level Blue. Access to these free activities and more is available at .

Contents

UNIT 1

Why Bear Sleeps So Much (Russian Folktale) ........................................................ 6

blunder cancel continuous distribute document fragile

myth

reject scuffle

solitary

temporary veteran

Word Study: Dictionary: Multiple-Meaning Words 1 ........................................................ 14

Shades of Meaning: Similes ............................................................................................... 15

UNIT 2

Sybil Ludington's Ride (Historical Nonfiction) ..................................................... 16

abandon

assault

convert

dispute impressive justify

misleading numerous productive shrewd strategy

villain

Word Study: Context Clues 1............................................................................................. 24 Shades of Meaning: Adages and Proverbs 1 ...................................................................... 25

UNIT 3

The Flight of the Monarch (Magazine Article) ................................................... 26

bluff

cautious consist

despise haven

miniature

monarch obstacle postpone straggle treacherous vivid

Word Study: Homographs ................................................................................................. 33

REVIEW UNITS 1?3 Vocabulary for Comprehension .................................................................... 34

UNIT 4

Wagon Train Diary (Diary Entries) .......................................................................... 36

aggressive associate deceive

emigrate flexible

glamour

hazy

linger

luxurious mishap

overwhelm span

Word Study: Analogies ...................................................................................................... 44

Shades of Meaning: Words That Describe Behavior ......................................................... 45

UNIT 5

Baucis and Philemon (Ancient Myth) ................................................................. 46

blemish blunt

capable conclude detect

fatigue

festive hospitality nomad persecute supreme transport

Word Study: Words Often Confused................................................................................. 54 Shades of Meaning: Words That Name Travelers ............................................................. 55

UNIT 6

The Surprising Life of Emily Dickinson (Biography)................................. 56

accomplish apparent capacity civilian

conceal duplicate

keen

provoke spurt

undoing vast

withdraw

Word Study: Suffixes -ment, -ance, -age, -hood................................................................. 63

REVIEW UNITS 1?6 Vocabulary for Comprehension .................................................................... 64 Classifying ....................................................................................................... 66 Completing the Idea ...................................................................................... 67

UNIT 7

Eugenie Clark: Swimming with Sharks (Biography) ................................ 68

barrier calculate compose considerable deputy

industrious

jolt

loot

rejoice

reliable

senseless shrivel

Word Study: Prefixes pre-, in-, im-, ir-, il-.......................................................................... 76

Shades of Meaning: Metaphors ......................................................................................... 77

UNIT 8

What Happened to Pennsylvania Station? (Essay) ................................ 78

alternate demolish energetic enforce feat hearty

mature

observant primary

resign strive verdict

Word Study: Thesaurus ..................................................................................................... 86

Shades of Meaning: Words That Describe People ............................................................. 87

UNIT 9

The Competitive Edge (Contemporary Fiction) ..................................................... 88

brisk

cherish

considerate displace downfall estimate

humiliate identical improper

poll

soothe

vicinity

Word Study: Context Clues 2 ............................................................................................ 95

REVIEW UNITS 7?9 Vocabulary for Comprehension .................................................................... 96

UNIT 10 Ireland's Great Famine (Textbook Entry) ............................................................ 98

abolish appeal brittle

condemn descend dictator

expand famine portable prey

thrifty

visual

Word Study: Roots port, mit ........................................................................................... 106

Shades of Meaning: Idioms 1 ........................................................................................... 107

UNIT 11 National Ski Patrol to the Rescue (Magazine Article) ................................. 108

absurd avalanche classify ensure navigate nestle

plea

principle realistic security selective tart

Word Study: Homophones .............................................................................................. 116 Shades of Meaning: Word Choice request, demand, plea, interrogation......................... 117

UNIT 12 A Message for Norrod (Science Fiction) ............................................................... 118

abuse

appliance confirm daze

flimsy gauge

migrant neutral

pitiless presentable rotate shred

Word Study: Prefixes re-, in-, im- .................................................................................... 125

REVIEW UNITS 7?12 Vocabulary for Comprehension ................................................................ 126 Classifying ................................................................................................... 128 Completing the Idea .................................................................................. 129

UNIT 13 Crispus Attucks Changes History (Historical Nonfiction)............................. 130

achievement acquire

debate

exhibit foe

latter

massacre

monotonous preserve sanitary sprawl widespread

Word Study: Suffixes -ion, -tion, -sion, -ous, -ic................................................................ 138 Shades of Meaning: Word Choice acquire, receive, purchase, borrow .............................139

UNIT 14 A Giant Hoax (Nonfiction Narrative) .......................................................................... 140

alibi

confederate discharge economical frank

modify

mutiny negative

pursue

reign

singular swindle

Word Study: Dictionary: Multiple-Meaning Words 2 ..................................................... 148

Shades of Meaning: Adages and Proverbs 2.................................................................... 149

UNIT 15 Pecos Bill Ends a Drought (Tall Tale) ............................................................. 150

complicate courteous discomfort eliminate grieve moral

scorch

severe

spectacle

tragic

trifle

universal

Word Study: Roots spect, photo, tele .............................................................................. 157

REVIEW UNITS 13?15 Vocabulary for Comprehension ............................................................. 158

UNIT 16 Why Did the Woolly Mammoths Disappear? (Journal Article) ............ 160

assume

cram endanger fare

fertile

furnish

mammoth peer rigid

rowdy safeguard trespass

Word Study: Suffixes -ity, -ty, -ence, -al........................................................................... 168 Shades of Meaning: Words That Describe Size................................................................ 169

UNIT 17 The Hunger Strike (an Aesop Fable) ...................................................................... 170

accumulate compromise desolate disregard

emphasis friction

intervene

irresistible

majority phenomenon profound subside

Word Study: Prefixes de-, post-, trans-, sub- ............................................................. 178

Shades of Meaning: Idioms 2 .......................................................................................... 179

UNIT 18 Sequoyah, Advocate of His People (Biography) ........................................ 180

advocate

anticipate concept

contradict extract fundamental

ignorance internal

preliminary premise

retain significant

Word Study: Roots dict, tract .......................................................................................... 187

REVIEW UNITS 13?18 Vocabulary for Comprehension ............................................................. 188 Classifying ................................................................................................. 190 Completing the Idea ................................................................................ 191

INDEX ............................................................................................................................................... 192

UNIT 1

Introducing the Words

Read the following Russian folktale about some clever forest animals. Notice how the highlighted words are used. These are the words you will be learning in this unit.

Why Bear Sleeps So Much

(Russian Folktale)

L ong ago, when the world was as fresh and new as a daffodil in springtime, the animals faced a serious problem. Troublesome Bear was ruining everything in their forest.

The songbirds were all terrified whenever Bear passed through the woods in his usual clumsy way. He would blunder into branches, smashing the birds' fragile nests and eggs. Bear also crushed the hives of the bees and stole

their honey, so the bees had a continuous argument with him. Bear squashed the tunnellike homes of the gophers and the rabbits with his big feet, and in general caused so many disturbances that the animals couldn't relax. As angry as they were, however, the animals didn't really want to get into a scuffle with Bear. He was much too big and strong!

6

Listen to this passage at .

Desperate, the animals called a meeting to decide on a course of action. "Why don't we just ask Bear to be more considerate?" suggested Deer timidly.

Squirrel was quick to reject Deer's idea. "That won't work," Squirrel insisted, "because Bear never listens to anyone. I think he just enjoys walking all over us!"

"Throw Bear in jail," Rat shouted. "Force him to live a solitary life in a jail cell and he won't be able to injure and torment us ever again."

The animals nodded in approval at this idea until Mouse pointed out an obvious problem. "We don't have a jail," Mouse squeaked, "and if we did, someone would have to feed Bear in his cell." The very thought of feeding Bear made all the animals shake in fear.

Other animals offered more ideas. Skunk suggested that Porcupine distribute some of his extra sharp quills in Bear's bed. Porcupine suggested that Skunk send some smelly spray into Bear's den. Neither animal was brave enough to try the other's plan, however, and the ideas probably wouldn't have worked anyway. Indeed, it looked as if there were no solution to the problem, and the animals were about to cancel the rest of their meeting.

Fortunately, at that moment, Eagle flew in like a bolt of lightning. The animals cheered because Eagle was a veteran problem solver. Whenever there was trouble in the forest, Eagle found a way to put an end to it. This time, Eagle clutched a document in his sharp claws. "As we all know," Eagle thundered, "Bear can't hurt anyone or destroy anything when he's asleep. This statement," he said, waving the

document, "requires Bear to sleep from October to April every year. I hope you will all sign it!"

What a great idea! The animals read the document and added their names to it. True, it didn't get rid of Bear permanently, but it gave them temporary relief. At the very least, the animals could look forward to peace and quiet for six months of every year.

The myth doesn't say how the animals gave their signed document to Bear or what his reaction was to it. Who knows? Maybe he liked the animals' suggestion, for one thing is certain: Bear has been sleeping away half the year ever since!

Unit 1 7

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