Logical equivalence rules

    • Rules of Equivalence | Introduction to Logic

      (15% of final grade). These will help you practice your logical skills on arguments in their natural habitat. The assignments will involve argument formalization (due Feb. 15), fallacy identification (due March 21), and constructive criticism (due April 18). Detailed assignment descriptions are given below.

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    • [DOC File]Computerization of Formal Proofs is not the last step

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      Collection of rules for deductive reasoning to be used in every branch of knowledge. Next: Gottfried Leibniz (German, 17th century) using symbols to mechanize the process of logic as algebraic notation had mechanized the process of reasoning about numbers and their relationships. ... 1.1 Logical Form and Logical Equivalence. Concept of argument ...

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    • [DOC File]Sam Otten - Michigan State University

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      9. Q v Elim 1, 3-6, 7-8 Any formal system is justified only by using the rules that exist in the system with the exact syntax of the rules. So, although we know some logical equivalences in the system F, without a rule expressing their proper syntax, we are unable to use them.

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    • [DOC File]Philosophy 230: Introduction to Formal Logic

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      Use the logical equivalence rules (e.g., associative, De Morgan’s, etc) to show that the following is a tautology: If P(x,y) means x and y are real numbers such that x + 2y = 5, determine the truth value of the following statement:

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    • [DOCX File]Critical Reasoning and Logic - Westmont College

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      Students will apply standard techniques of natural deduction for quantificational logic, involving important inference rules (e.g., universal instantiation, existential elimination) to determine important quantificational logical properties and relations: e.g., quantificational validity, quantificational consistency, quantificational equivalence.

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    • [DOC File]Symbolic Logic – April 4, 2001

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      Using the rules of logical equivalence, show that the following two compound propositions are logically equivalent: [ p (((q (r) ] ((p ( ((r (q ) Predicates, Quantifiers, and Nested Quantifiers. 2. Question 2 (20 points) a) (10 points) Let the variable x represent students and the variable y represent courses.

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    • [DOC File]CS 188 - University of California, Berkeley

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      So the rules describe how to prove the conjunction, the disjunction etc and how to use the conjunction, disjunction etc in the proof. After completing the equivalences our next lecture (denoted by ++1 in the above course description) formulates these two rules for every connective. The same rules form the Predicate Calculus of Chapter III.

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    • www.oup.com

      2. A complete representation of the rules of chess in propositional logic would be much larger than first-order logic. Which of the followings are valid reasons why? i. The rules of chess are very complicated. ii. A chess game can go on for hundreds of moves. iii. There are several types of pieces. iv. There are several pieces of each type. v.

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    • [DOC File]Exam 1 .edu

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      Demonstrate an understanding of the logical relations--consistency, inconsistency, implication and equivalence--by accurately defining each concept in your own words. Demonstrate an understanding of the logical relations by correctly classifying the relation between sample sentences as one of consistency, inconsistency, implication and equivalence.

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    • [DOC File]Chapter 1: Logic of Compound Statements

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      Since S is on m and X*S*Q, it must be the case by rules of continuity that n intersected m at some point between P and X. Hence, l is the only line through P that is parallel to m. This completes the proof of the logical equivalence of our statements. *see Lemma 1 in …

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